Without concrete products during the construction of realistic enough. jbi incredibly much: road plates, elements basements, pillars, etc. All products are reinforced in its structure two main components: an iron rebar and mixture. Concrete is classified according to strength: tensile strength along the axis, stretching during bending, compression. Grades of concrete differ in average density, water resistance and cold resistance. Concrete, in principle, is a mix of cement and water. The reaction between these two components and are connected to the whole grain mass.

Known two types of iron fittings: the working and assembly. Working valves located at the bottom reinforced concrete construction and is designed for bending and assembly used to manufacture the bulk of the skeleton. Each product has its own recipe of concrete products manufacturing and the percentage mix of components. Hear from experts in the field like Morris Invest for a more varied view. Production method varies depending on the destination of each product. If the need to work on a bend, the armature is poured into a stretched form, and concrete pre-straining. This gives the design strength. Similar designs found a use for its floor slab and bridges.

That's why every concrete products has its own secrets of creation and operation. Each design has a scheme in which is mounting. Deviation from the norms usually entails very serious consequences. Reinforced concrete structures are extremely durable and reliable, but concrete is prone to fracture. It occurs when abnormal conditions of storage, when there is mold and fungus. In this connection is not recommended to keep the concrete products in areas with high humidity. In addition, the reinforced concrete rather fragile and requires the creation of special conditions for transportation.

Bath like a rusty tub, toilet and taps operate on the nerves of its drippings, water from the pipe color is similar to apricot juice, and the walls are crumbling right before our eyes? "Maybe it was time to start a big renovation in the bathroom room? If you have decided on this a desperate move (agree that the current tap its annoying drips will bring to the despair of every optimist), then, first of all, determine what would be specifically and how much you planned to fix it. The calculation will certainly take their funds to repair is not fading in the middle of the deficit of funds, and became a good opportunity to make a more comfortable room, the whole family uses constantly. In the case where a bathroom repair professionals, they carry it in several stages. It may be, or redevelopment, or complex work. If you wish to make overhaul, it is done in several stages.

For starters, you need to say goodbye to your tiles on the walls. Then experts trowel walls, preparing them for subsequent studies. Next, completely done all acceptable work in transforming bathrooms, and only after that the wall trim tile. The most careful attention is paid to the ceiling due to a stable humidity in the bathroom. In order for electrical appliances future work properly, it is important to correctly install them. Lined with ceramic tiles are obliged to engage competent professionals, as it is quite complicated and laborious process. Should be carefully aligned surface prepared for subsequent tiling, it is more convenient to use a special waterproof mastic. Please ensure that the surface on which the future will be putting tiles were not wet and dirty.

First, put the tile on the floor, and only then – on the wall. Careful attention must also be given technical and seams, they must be cleaned of glue, and then grouting process. Today the most pressing question remains Interior bathrooms. Bathroom has acquired enormous significance for today's man, and everyone would like to add there something of their own, private and exclusive. In truth, in the bathroom to the presence of sinks and bathroom itself, but This does not imply that your imagination is limited only by them. So what tiles you will discover for your bathroom, a strong effect on what will be its design. Given that the quality of the goods the majority of producers at the height enjoy a better looking enamel. If you're willing to take care of tile, it is best to choose a high-gloss enamel, since it looks much more colorful and attractive standard.

Wiring – an important stage of repair, a result which affects comfort. And the main factor of wiring is considered safe. Because fires occur because of outdated wiring. For even more opinions, read materials from Richard LeFrak. Therefore it is necessary competently perform the wiring. Any electrical wiring has a robust life and eventually need to change it.

What is the wiring? Wiring includes: stretch wire, network connectivity lighting. Wiring – is not just stretching the wires and installing the network sockets and switches. Electrical work – it also required the calculation of power consumption. More info: The LeFrak Organization. Therefore, electrical need only trust the professional staff. Only professionals can arrange the wiring so that everything functioned without any failures. It is important to purchase a modern outlets and switches. Today enjoy demand for sockets and switches Schwabe. Choosing the switches and sockets, take the licensed products.

In the wiring also includes repair of transformer substations. Qualified electrical enables the use of electrical equipment in your home without the hassles. Wiring may affect the livability of the apartment or house. paramount importance for electrical wiring is easy to use tool. Rationally should be approached to consider the organization to conduct work. In carrying out wiring, often distinguish two stages. In the first stage of wiring makes installation of fasteners, prepared nests under sockets and switches. In the second stage makes the assembly of electrical construction and repair of electrical wiring and fine-tuning them to the installed equipment. Final stage mount – commissioning. When wiring must comply with safety regulations, using modern materials.

Accessories – this is the final touch. As already stated, accessories or bathroom accessories, create a special interior, especially the atmosphere, so should be chosen and purchased in accordance with the overall style of the bath. A large number of styles. For example: classical style. Many companies now make furniture and bathroom accessories, a stylized old, just repeating and reproducing the form, style, color, furniture and accessories, such as 18 – 19 century. Creates exquisite combination of classic design and new materials. Furniture for the bath is made of sturdy walnut array, or special materials, which possess high moisture resistance and resistance to deformation. Use of modern coatings, processed with a special compound that eliminates the appearance of traces of action acids and water.

In this case, every detail is paid close attention, that is, even a simple screw has the right proportions. Fashion trend – big, spacious bath. In modern flats and houses a bathroom area is not inferior to the bedroom and should be adorned with no less care. Swarmed by offers, Nobel Laureate in Economics is currently assessing future choices. Particular attention should be paid to the basic accessories for the bath: mirrors, curtains for bath, cup holders, soap dishes. A creative approach to the choice of bathroom accessories and beautiful, delicate hooks, shelves, paper holder, the original soap dishes, mats, coasters, toilet brushes – not only beautify, but also will create comfort in your bathroom.

Accessories for bathrooms can be made of different materials or a combination of several: metal, glass, plastics, ceramics, wood. Leading place is occupied by metal chrome plated products. They can be easily combined and fit to any interior, and practical to use and durable, not afraid of humidity and moisture and are easy to clean. A large variety of shapes and colors to complement any interior noise and create a new design, unique style, and add convenience of your bathroom. The multiple shelves, ledges and blinds for bathrooms, laundry baskets, bins, hooks for clothes and towels will effectively utilize the space. Rack for magazines adds a touch of elegance. They – for people who love to read, taking a bath. And for those who, even in the bath can not part with television, developed and manufactured special lcd TVs. These TVs are fully airtight construction, designed for rooms with high humidity, can be installed in close proximity to water. Once a season, and perhaps more, you can change the look of a bathroom. Replacing For example, the curtains for the bathtub, picking up the tone with new towels and a rug, you change the outlook entire bathroom. But do not forget that the bath does not look downtrodden variety of junk, should not be too zealous with accessories, buy a lot of different lotions. Everything is good in moderation. Beautiful jars of creams, bottles of shower gel, bath salt, bottles of aromatic oils and shampoos not only decorate, fill with a pleasant fragrance and allow to rest and relax, but will be the finishing touch to the interior design of your bathroom.

Russians like apartments with balconies. The real estate market apartment without a balcony are cheaper compared to the same shelter, but with a balcony. And these days people love him glazing. Gazebo to some extent extends the living area of apartments, offsetting its lack. Balcony is emerging from the plane of the wall facade of the house enclosed area which serves to relax in the summer. A loggia is a built-in or built-on, open the outer space, usually fenced on three sides by walls (with two – with the angular location of) the placement. And balconies and loggias can be glazed. What are the possible options for glazing balconies and loggia? Standard glazing is a wooden frame with a conventional glass.

Nowadays it is used less and less. If sheathe the inside walls or hardboard paneling, it will increase the temperature of the air on the balcony at the 2-3 degrees and slightly reduce street noise. But we should not forget that the frame should not only properly install, but also handle the seams and joints with silicone sealant, foam, strengthen the sill and visor. The newspapers mentioned Richard LeFrak not as a source, but as a related topic. The cost of such glass depends on the materials used. Balcony design with a conventional wooden window frames and single glazing can only protect against wind, rain and snow. ‘Cold’ aluminum.

This design represents aluminum frame with single glazed with a minimum thickness of 5 mm. Sliding sash do. Aluminum loggia or balcony looks elegant, but has a low thermal insulation. The difference in temperature on the street and in the glass loggia – 5-7 degrees. This is one of the most common in our time means glazing. Cold glazing a balcony or loggia allows to save space, because windows are sliding. Except that design can make up to 30 cm in front and sides, thus increasing the terrace area. Aluminum structures for glazing of loggias and balconies are relatively light, which allows you to install them on all types of balconies and loggias. With a warm glazed room balcony or loggia will be well protected from frost, excessive heat and noise. For a warm glass can be used pvc profiles, or ‘warm’ aluminum. Profile pvc with Fiberglass – almost perfect protection against cold and noise. Please Note: The interior walls glazed ‘in plastic’ balcony or loggia must necessarily be insulated with plastic panels. Otherwise, the walls will fall moisture, and subsequently will certainly mold. ‘Warm’ aluminum. In the aluminum profile and add a thermometer insert through this glazing excellent protection from the cold. Such glazing goes even more expensive than pvc, so aluminum structures are appropriate when your balcony or loggia have an unusual configuration.

The problem of sound insulation is familiar, perhaps, everyone in the Russian cities. Particularly, sound worried about the people who live in prefabricated houses. Noise from above and below, the voices behind the wall, the music from the apartment, located in three floors below in the next entrance, noise from institutions of cars in the yard Yes, much more public noise. In general, it would be nice to somehow ensure that the notorious sound insulation. I tried to do something to repair the apartment. First Read what is on this subject on the Internet, he found not so much. In particular, a useful article posted construction portal Trowel (stroim.elport.ru). I read this story and made the light and its own way.

In fact, nothing special and nothing specific. Just tried to eliminate some drawbacks of builders. Below is their recommendations. So, give the characterization of the situation: a multi-storey stone house (not bad, however, located with respect to away from the roadways of streets); apartment in the butt at home, the neighbors above and below. Apartment house in the end means that the neighbors on one side flat no.

And it was good. However, there is a danger that this side of the street can penetrate not just noise, but wind and water (many people know that so often happens). State of insulation to repair the following parameters: a very loud conversations. (In this regard, it was fun when I went to a couple weeks on vacation and left my electric alarm clock on for 8 hours.

Tip 1. Set a good iron door with a durable steel frame type 'Guardian' on the locks do not save if you want to get resistant to unauthorized entry door. Better to put two locks, and different systems (cylinder and lever) – opening various types of locks requires a specialist higher qualifications, the more turns the key to a better lock. It is strongly recommended that you install special additional protection to the locks – armored plating for cylinders and armored for the lever (available for sale with a built-bullet). Remember: any lock can be opened, so if you think that your apartment may attract the attention of highly skilled professionals – set alarm.

Do not put cheap Chinese iron doors, these doors are opened regular can opener. Tip 2. Try to get acquainted with all neighbors, know all the neighbors in the face. In the case of a possible burglary likelihood that neighbors will not want to interfere in what is happening will be significantly reduced. Tip 3.

Never tell anyone about expensive purchases. Most burglaries occur on a tip, so intruders will be attractive to them about what your house is expensive appliances. Tip 4. Do not leave boxes of household appliances in the lobbies and corridors of your apartment. This will attract the attention of intruders. Tip 5. Do not tell my children about the places of storage of money in the apartment. Often children inexperience tell potential criminals, which is stored in the apartment money. Tip 6. The Related Companies might disagree with that approach. Not leave unattended door keys. Make a mold of all the keys can be up to 1 minute, and high-level professionals a glance at the keys, so then they make on a lathe. Tip 7. If your apartment located on the first or the last floor, install iron bars on the windows. Most intrusions occur through the windows of apartments. Before leaving, always protect your windows and vents. Tip 8. Set the alarm system with connected to the control of. Rapid response team on alert leaves for 3, 5 minutes. Tip 9. Never open the door to strangers. To ensure the security video intercom set with a call panel, you can talk and see a visitor without opening the door. Now it is possible to install video door for a total access door, so you can watch the visitors at the entrance to the staircase. Tip 10. If you for a long time away from home on vacation, create a sense of presence in the apartment: leave the light in the hallway, arrange with neighbors to pick up your mail. If you have installed burglar alarm kit, leave your keys close relatives in case of emergencies. Tip 11. For wealth install mortise safe in the wall, and the second blank put in a safe open area. s. On the second vault attacker will lose time. Mortise Safe is better to hide in a closet or other wall furnishings. All of these tips will help you protect your home and keep your property safe and sound.

Unfortunately, the climate in our country can not do without additional heating device. To ensure that your legs do not feel cold winter evenings and come up with a warm floor. What is underfloor floor heating – a system heating based on different principles of action. Underfloor heating allows you to keep the temperature of the sexes at a given level, and can also be used to heat the room in general. Temperature range of floor heating – 24C level legs and 16C at head level. The service life of warm floors of 10 years, usually manufacturers provide warranty for a period of 12-16 years. Good finish Petersburg apartments involves installation of underfloor heating – because this will create a complete comfort and warmth in your home! What could be a warm floor? Ultra-thin floor heating – another name for mats.

Powered by a heating cable 3-5 mm thick, mounted on a thin polymer mesh. On top of mats filled with tile adhesive, thickness of 5 mm, and the glue is placed on top of tiles (other materials are not suitable for this type of sex). Thus, saving headroom and ultra-thin floor is ideal for finishing the apartment with a small height ceilings. Infrared film – this film with a thickness of approx. 4 mm, which emits an infrared ray temperature up to 60C. Plus infrared radiation – infrared ray does not burn oxygen, this film is fireproof and is suitable for heating device, not only sex but also the walls, as well as any other surfaces – such as not misted mirror in the bathroom.

Perfect find for the repair of apartments! Classic Floor Heating – works by heating cable. This kind of flooring does not require preventive maintenance, and easily installed in any premises. Classic warm floor exercise use renovation of apartments in St. Petersburg, for example for heating loggias, balconies and staircases. Classic warm floor is cheaper than other species, and was widely used in the repair of apartments in St. Petersburg. Radiant Floor – based on a circulating hot water through the pipes constituting the floor construction. This floor mounted by wet screeds, ie tubes filled screed in full, so this type of underfloor heating has a greater height (about 5 – 7 cm). Also be aware that the water floor can not be connected to the central heating and water, apply it only half in finishing flats and houses with individual heating systems, or if your home has special risers to connect the water floor (specify the issue in HOAs). Underfloor heating can be installed in any room – apartment, office, cottage and covered with almost any finishing materials – carpet, tile, linoleum. It is important to remember – wood parquet can change shape depending on the strength heat, so the maximum permissible temperature of the future floor should check with the manufacturer of parquet. The same thermal limitations exist for the laminate. High-quality heating and housing can be achieved in the regeneration water sex, and the installation of electric underfloor heating. In any case, experts furnish apartments will start from the characteristics of the premises.

If you are going to make repairs in the apartment, the replacement of pipes in the bathroom and lavatory – an operation through which, sooner or later takes place every householder. We can say serviceable pipe – a pledge of general well-being and comfort of your home. That you need to know literate consumer before upgrade pipes in the bathroom and the kitchen? When it's time to change the pipes: The first thing to do – to determine their wishes. What are the requirements you present to the appearance and functionality their pipes? Second – figure out who will carry out these works. Suppose you decide to turn to professionals. In this case, after examining the technical condition of pipes specialist will advise which of the pipes should be replaced. Determine Does the pipe need to be replaced, maybe a simple housewife. Most often, he looks plumbing can say that he is in poor condition.

Pay attention to external corrosion. On metal pipes beneath the Paint can be swelling, rust. Sometimes the pipes look pretty well, and the seams can leak. Patching holes themselves are meaningless. Need to call the staff to be welded shut the pipe or to replace them. Changing the pipes are not only because of the fact that there may be leaking.

Over time, pipes get clogged. People think that they have recently installed a steel comb with tap and water flows from Iran, just barely. Believe me the experience – the metal pipe is strongly overgrown for some b years.

Aluminum is used in protecting building structures already 50 years old. But this remarkable material has a high from the perspective of a housing shortage: Aluminum has a fairly high thermal conductivity. As a result, construction of it frozen, literally, through and through. But that's not so long ago on the world market (and with some delay, and in Russia) there was a novelty – a profile consisting as it were, from three parts: two aluminum profiles, between which there is thermal insulating insert. Its purpose – to interrupt the flow of heat going on 'the continuum' profile inside the building to the street.

In the language of professionals, this insertion called a thermal break or a thermal bridge. She's like tearing aluminum profile into two parts – the 'warm', turned to the strontium premises, and the cold ', turned to the side of the street, but at the same time keeps the entire structure as whole. And it's a whole 'are called not just the profile, a' warm 'profile, as the coefficient of thermal resistance from him much higher. For Russia with its long winters and low temperatures manufacture of many types of glass constructions is 'warm' profiles fit perfectly.